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The Impoverishment of the Filipino Peasantry (or Philippine Rural Anti-Poverty Programs)
(0000)
This paper examines the historical and contemporary challenges faced by the Filipino peasantry, exploring the impact of agrarian reform efforts, industrialization as a development strategy, and the country's rural anti-poverty programs. The study highlights the failures and successes of past initiatives such as the Land Reform Bill, the Samahang Nayon Program, and agricultural credit programs like Masagana 99. It also critically analyzes the role of the state, foreign investments, and the uneven distribution of benefits between the urban elite and rural poor in shaping the country’s economic development.
Participatory Evaluation of the Rangabelia Project
(Tagore Society for Rural Development, 0000) Barman, Gopinath; Giri, Sasadhar
This participatory evaluation report provides a detailed account of the Rangabelia Project's initiatives aimed at fostering rural development in the Sundarban region of West Bengal. The project emphasizes people’s participation, especially targeting the underprivileged communities. The evaluation highlights the socio-economic challenges, agricultural constraints, and the efforts in promoting second crops, cooperative societies, and comprehensive community development programs. By engaging local youth and the most marginalized groups, the project serves as a model for inclusive and sustainable development.
सामुदायिक मॉनिटरिंग का अर्थ
(0000)
मॉनिटरिंग एक ऐसा महत्वपूर्ण शब्द है जो विकास कार्यों में सुधार और प्रगति की प्रक्रिया से गहराई से जुड़ा हुआ है। यह विकास परियोजनाओं में समयबद्ध सुधार और निगरानी को सुनिश्चित करने की प्रक्रिया को इंगित करता है। इस लेख में सामुदायिक मॉनिटरिंग की अवधारणा पर व्यापक चर्चा की गई है, जिसमें समुदाय की सक्रिय भागीदारी को केंद्रीय भूमिका के रूप में प्रस्तुत किया गया है। सामुदायिक मॉनिटरिंग को न केवल परियोजना क्रियान्वयन और निर्णय लेने के लिए, बल्कि समस्याओं के समाधान हेतु भी एक प्रभावी उपकरण के रूप में दर्शाया गया है। यह लेख सामुदायिक मॉनिटरिंग की परिभाषा, इसकी भूमिका और इसके सफल क्रियान्वयन के लिए आवश्यक मुख्य तत्वों को विस्तार से समझाने का प्रयास करता है।
Strategies for Social Change
(0000) Heredero, J.M.
The document explores strategies for social change through non-formal education approaches rooted in community-based rural development. It emphasizes awareness-building, emotional intelligence, cooperative problem-solving, and creativity as cornerstones for effective development. Drawing comparisons with Gandhian principles, it delves into the holistic growth of individuals within their socio-economic and cultural contexts. The text also discusses the role of spirituality, cooperation, and innovation in fostering sustainable development.
Workshop on Participatory Evaluation: Training of Community Workers for Village Projects
(0000) Kullu, A.
This document outlines the training program for community workers aimed at developing integrated rural development projects. Initiated by Vikas Maitri in 1976, the program focuses on uplifting rural populations by providing technical assistance and motivating community involvement. It describes the comprehensive training modules, data collection techniques, project planning, and execution methods. The curriculum includes rural sociology, land reforms, agriculture, and apprenticeship opportunities in various practical fields.
The Historical roots and contemporary tendencies in Participatory Research: Implications for Health care
(0000) Tandon, Rajesh
This paper delves into the historical roots and contemporary tendencies of participatory research (PR), particularly in the context of health care. It examines the evolution of PR as a critique of traditional social science methodologies and as an educational process rooted in adult education practices. Drawing on the works of Paulo Freire, Ivan Illich, and others, the paper highlights the epistemological shifts brought about by PR. It discusses how PR legitimizes experience and action as bases for knowing and integrates these into a framework of popular education. The implications of PR for addressing inequalities in health care and fostering community participation in knowledge creation are also explored.
Participatory Action Research: Chronology
(0000)
This document provides a comprehensive historical chronology of Participatory Action Research (PAR), from its origins with Jacob Moreno in 1913 through its development by key figures like Kurt Lewin, Paulo Freire, and Budd Hall. It traces the social, educational, and cultural contexts in which PAR methodologies evolved, highlighting the contributions of international scholars and practitioners. The chronology spans critical periods from the 1940s through the 1970s, offering insight into the role of PAR in social change, community engagement, and educational reform globally.
Proposal for the Study of Participatory Research, Evaluation and Training Efforts in India
(PRIA, 0000) PRIA
This proposal outlines a study to document, analyze, and synthesize participatory processes in research, evaluation, and training across diverse settings in India. It highlights the shift in development strategies toward bottom-up, participatory approaches emphasizing empowerment, organizational building, and integration of popular knowledge. The study aims to fill gaps in documentation and provide accessible insights to grassroots activists and professionals. The methodology includes selecting case studies, engaging with stakeholders, and conducting field observations and workshops to generate actionable findings. Key questions include exploring control dynamics, knowledge creation, praxis, and empowerment in participatory processes. The study aims to produce a final report in multiple languages for wide dissemination.
Research Method, Morality, and Criminology
(0000)
This chapter explores the under-researched area of adult, career, and "serious" criminals in their natural environments. It critiques criminology textbooks for their discouragement of field research and emphasizes the necessity of sociological methods to uncover discrepancies between law-breaking and law enforcement. Furthermore, the chapter challenges the traditional alignment of criminology with social-work orientations and calls for a shift towards rigorous scientific investigation of criminal subcultures and their relation to larger societal processes.
Action-Research: Assumptions and Practice
(Public Enterprises Centre for Continuing Education, 0000) Tandon, Rajesh
This paper discusses the assumptions and practices associated with action-research in social science. It critiques the classical enquiry approach, focusing on its assumptions about knowledge generation, objectivity, and the separation between researcher and subject. It explores the ideological, epistemological, and methodological aspects of action-research, highlighting its cyclical nature and the integration of understanding with change. The paper contrasts the traditional approach to research with action-research, emphasizing the value of subjective experience, experiential learning, and intervention in social systems as legitimate means of knowledge generation.
Participatory Evaluation in Africa: A Review of Organisational Trends and Issues
(0000) Annorbah-Sarei, A.J.
This paper explores participatory evaluation methodologies in Africa, analyzing organizational trends and issues from the 1960s to recent times. It highlights the historical weakening of self-reliance among African communities under colonial rule and traces the resurgence of collective self-engagement driven by traditional animators and modern African leaders. The work examines the role of grassroots, institutional, and structural initiatives in promoting participatory development and evaluates various participatory methodologies—collaboration, community development, and empowerment. The study underscores the need for culturally rooted participatory evaluation approaches, drawing on oral traditions and local practices, while addressing the challenges of power dynamics and sustainable self-reliance.
Action for What ? A Critique of Evaluative Research
(0000) Suchman, Edward A.
This document critiques evaluative research in the context of planned social change, exploring its objectives, methodologies, and implications. Evaluative research aims to measure the effectiveness of service and action programs, emphasizing objectives like the desirability of change, the ability to measure it, and the application of scientific methods to intervention programs. The discussion distinguishes between demonstration and operational programs, emphasizing the need for tailored evaluation designs, prototype testing, and continuous service improvement. The critique also addresses challenges in evaluator-program staff collaboration, advocating for participatory approaches in setting goals and implementing recommendations to enhance evaluation utilization.
Participatory Research Project Participatory Research: Research with Historic Consciousness
(0000) Cain, Bonnie J.
The concept and practice of participatory research is being developed by educators/researchers as a reaction to the historic abuse and failure of traditional research to ask and answer appropriate and useful questions in the context of development projects in the Third World. myself included, feel that this effort participatory research process or model Clearly many educators, the elaboration of a is necessary and possibly unavoidable. However, the fact remains that participatory research has been thus far, defined negatively in terms of characteristics and actions to avoid or overcome. The developers have yet to outline a clear strategy of how to carry out such an operation. This lack of a clear definition presents a large obstacle to the development and acceptance of participatory research
Participatory Training and Self Development
(0000) Acharya, Binoy; Verma, Shalini
Over the last decade or so, training' has become a common activity in development projects. This enthusiasm to train or to build capacities at different levels and amongst different sectors of our society tends to overwrite the fact that the most extensive and far reaching learning has proceeded with no trainers at all or with the trainers involved marginally and from a distance. If learning can take place without training, why is so much energy being put into training in general and participatory training in particular? Before we address this question, perhaps it is appropriate to state that during the last decade, training has become reduced to a pre-planned technique-happy mass of simulations and role plays without any contribution to critical thinking and generation of understanding and awareness. In certain development circles, practitioners opt for training if a programme is not doing well. There are great expectations from training as if knowledge and action are mechanically related.
Reflections of a Feminist Political Scientist on Attempting Participatory Research in Aotearoa
(0000)
This is written from the perspective of a pakeha (white) participatory researcher in the Political Science Department of the University of Canterbury. Participatory research is not well established in Aotearoa (New Zealand), but there are precedents, and there are some current examples of work which incorporates some of the elements of participatory research.. I am pleased to record my reflections on attempts I have made, because the process has been valuable in both the Aotearoa context, and in terms of my international contact. I shall describe how I got involved in participatory research, and discuss where I have found the real problems to be. Included also is a personal view of some wider issues in Aotearoa which have implications for social action.
Participatory Research as an Education Experience for Women
(0000) Pinto, Maya
Shantiben lives in a small village on the outskirts of Ahmedabad, a city in the state of Gujarat in Western India. She belongs to the dalit community of her village, has six children and is employed in a nearby textile factory. The work is tedious. Quite frequently she is detained in the factory till after sundown. The pay is also not very high. When asked why she continues with this work, Shantiben replies: "what else would I do? I do not know how to read or write and if I was to go to Ahmedabad in search of a better job who would look after my children?" Shantiben started working in this factory when she was eleven years old. Her mother was working there at the time. When asked whether she would like her two daughters to continue in her footsteps, she is uncertain. "These days it is difficult to find good jobs, more so for women. Employers often ask whether we can write our names. How should we able to write our names? We do not go to school. And even if we did go to school, what good would that do. At least if my daughters come to the factory with me, we will have some more money to eat and live. If I send them to school it will just add to our problems. Men do not want to marry educated women."
Participatory Research in a People's Campaign for their Forests
(0000) Hiralal, Mohan Hirabai; Tare, Savita
A wealth of knowledge exists with local people about food, fuel, fodder, fertiliser and other things that directly affect their livelihoods. A large portion of this knowledge remains hidden from the expert eye. Each villager too, does not have the entire set of such knowledge but collectively they come to know most of it. Indigenous knowledge is not restricted to local resources, but also encompasses the patterns and processes of utilising these. This information is used by the people in their struggles for survival and thus contributes in making them more confident, self-conscious and understanding about issues that affect their lives, directly or indirectly.
Occupational Health and Participatory Research
(0000) Jaitli, Harsh; Kanhere, Vijay
The word health brings to mind the image of doctors, nurses and also the complex world of medicine, anatomy, diagnostic machines and so on. 'Occupational' Health (OH) also encompasses disciplines such as engineering aspects, chemistry, ergonomics and other areas requiring technical expertise. Participatory Research (PR) on the other hand, is a tool most commonly used in social science research. It is generally associated with investigation into more qualitative than quantitative aspects of human reality. The applicability of PR to a seemingly technical field such as OH therefore, is not immediately obvious and requires in the first instance, some reflection on the focus of research in OH.
Participatory Process in the UK
(0000) Fletcher, Colin
I wish to describe and evaluate three interventions which might be useful to the Commune of Pozzuolli and its people. Neither the makers of these interventions nor I wish to claim that they are unique. They have been developed through an awareness of important work throughout the world and with our national life and culture in mind. Together they represent three points on the triangle of participation namely -from mass contact in public places to group formation -from media contact through listening groups to support for informal community leaders -from public meetings to a popular role for professionals
A Participatory Approach to Organisational Renewal and Larning
(0000) Singh, Ashok; Roy, Prabal
In recent years, a considerable amount of enthusiasm for Organisational Development (OD) has been generated in the development sector. Although OD as a field of theory and practice has a fairly lengthy history, its relevance to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) has only recently been realised. There are a number of reasons for this. NGOs by and large, are social change oriented organisations, that is to say, they live in and promote change processes. When independent and autonomous forces create changes in the external constituencies where NGOs conduct their main business, the pressures on these organisations to keep pace with change intensify. Most NGOs today find themselves in a web of relationships with other autonomous actors and agencies with conflicting expectations and demands. Several NGOs have to rely on external resource-providers usually disconnected from the local situations and contexts where NGOs conduct their business.