Co-construction of Knowledge

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    A river of life: Learning and environmental social movements
    (Interface: A journal for and about social movement, 2009) Hall, Budd L
    This article by Budd L. Hall argues that the catalytic power of learning and knowledge creation is undervalued and undertheorized in the discourse surrounding social movements, yet it is essential for explaining their power and potential. He introduces "social movement learning" as a vital, embodied space—a "river of life"—that connects individuals' knowledge, hopes, and dreams across communities and generations. This learning includes three forms: informal learning by participants, intentional educational efforts by the movements, and public learning resulting from their activities.
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    Evaluation of Adult Education in Tanzania: A Status Report
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 1971-02-13) Hall, Budd L
    Since the start of the second Five Year Plan (1969-74) in Tanzania, the national focus has been on developing and extending adult education (largely literacy) in general, and rural programs in particular. Systematic program evaluation is needed 50 that scarce human and financial resources can be used effectively without needless duplication of past efforts and mistakes. The work oriented literacy project launched at Mwanza in 1967 is presently the only place in Tanzania where large scale evaluation of adult education activities is occurring. However, the Institute of Adult Education at the University of Dar es Salaam has begun evaluating the operation of the "Uchaguzi ni wako" radio citizen education study groups, together with provisions for adult educator training and the problems these educators encounter in the field. Irregular attendance and high dropout rates are a major weakness in literacy teacher training programs; failure of adult education in general to attract youth is another problem. There is evidence that adult education can be most easily organized within a framework of existing village systems and social relationships and that literacy education is not necessarily a prerequisite for rural adult education. (Six references are included.) (LY)